نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
The purpose of this study was to identify trends in changes in the climate of Iranian primary schools based on findings from the TIMSS and PIRLS studies. To this end, data from the TIMSS and PIRLS cycles conducted in 2006, 2007, 2011, 2015, 2016, and 2019 were analyzed. Initially, the data were categorized into five core components of school climate: rule orientation, safety, support, care, and participation. The variables were then re-estimated using the Rasch scaling method. The findings indicate a declining trend in the components of rule orientation and safety in primary schools, whereas the components of participation and support exhibited an upward trend. The care component remained relatively stable over time. Based on these results, the implementation of targeted and effective interventions to enhance school climate—particularly with regard to safety and rule orientation—is essential, especially within the school-based education and training system.
کلیدواژهها English