The Role of the Support Element in Online Curriculum and the Validation of Its Model

Razaghi, Abbas; Azhideh, Vakil

doi:10.22034/jei.2026.533960.3248

The Role of the Support Element in Online Curriculum and the Validation of Its Model

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

abbas razaghi ¹

vakil azhideh ²

¹ PhD student in curriculum planning

² 2. PhD Student, Educational Planning & Management Department, psychology and Educational Science Faculty, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

10.22034/jei.2026.533960.3248

Abstract

One of the key components in the success of online curricula is comprehensive support. However, a lack of adequate support can disrupt the online learning process and negatively impact learners' engagement and academic success. Although the element of support in curricula has been sporadically mentioned, no systematic effort has been made to analyze it in the context of online learning. In this regard, the present article, focusing on the support element, aims to enrich the research literature on supporting learners in online education. This study employed a research synthesis approach, adapting Gough and Newman’s nine-stage model, to examine the support element, and the Delphi method was used for validation. The findings of this study indicate that the support element in the online curriculum includes three subcategories: technical support, socio-emotional support, and local support, with a set of indicators that were identified as effective factors in improving the quality of e-learning.

Keywords

Online curriculum

technical support

social-emotional support

and local support

Subjects