نوآوری‌های آموزشی

نوآوری‌های آموزشی

ادغام هوش مصنوعی در برنامه درسی آموزش ابتدایی: روندها، چالش ها و فرصت ها

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، روش‌ها و برنامه‌‌های درسی و آموزشی‌، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی دانشگاه تهران
2 استاد، روش ها و برنامه‌ های درسی و آموزشی‌، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی دانشگاه تهران
3 دانشیار، روش ها و برنامه‌ های درسی و آموزشی‌، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی دانشگاه تهران
4 دانشیار، مدیریت سیاستگذاری، دانشکده مدیریت دولتی و علوم سازمانی دانشگاه تهران
5 استاد، علوم اطلاعات، دانشکده مهندسی‌ برق‌ و کامپیوتر دانشگاه تهران
چکیده
ادغام هوش مصنوعی در برنامه‌درسی آموزش ابتدایی به‌عنوان یک تحول زیربنایی، روندها، فرصت‌ها و چالش‌های متعددی را به همراه دارد. که شناسایی آنها می‌تواند با فراهم‌سازی بسترهای مناسب و مدیریت موانع، به بهبود کیفیت یادگیری، تقویت نقش معلمان و آماده‌سازی دانش‌آموزان برای مواجهه با آینده فناورانه کمک کند. این پژوهش با هدف شناسایی این ابعاد با رویکرد آینده‌پژوهانه و با استفاده از روش مرور نظام‌مند و تحلیل موضوعی براون و کلارک انجام شده است. در مجموع، 471 مقاله علمی شناسایی شد که پس از غربالگری بر اساس چارچوب بیانیه پریسما 2020، 52 مقاله برای تحلیل موضوعی انتخاب شدند. نتایج نشان داد که روندهای ادغام هوش مصنوعی در دو مقوله اصلی دسته‌بندی می‌شوند: «روندهای تخصصی آموزشی» شامل «آموزش سازگار»، «پیش‌بینی نتایج یادگیری» و «توسعه سلامت جسمی دانش‌آموزان» و «روندهای فنی مهندسی» شامل «عامل مکالمه و ارتباط»، «توسعه حسگرها» و «تعامل تجسم‌یافته». همچنین دو کلان‌روند «هوش مصنوعی، دستیار معلم» و «یکپارچه‌سازی برنامه‌درسی با هوش مصنوعی» شناسایی شدند که نشان‌دهنده نقش مکمل این فناوری در تدریس و یادگیری هستند. چالش‌های شناسایی‌شده شامل کمبود معلمان ماهر، نبود منابع معتبر، نگرانی‌های حقوقی و اخلاقی و حفظ حریم خصوصی است. این پژوهش با پیشنهاد توسعه شایستگی‌های حرفه‌ای، بهره‌گیری از رهبری دیجیتال و تدوین چارچوب‌های قانونی نتیجه می‌گیرد که هوش مصنوعی، در صورت برنامه‌ریزی مناسب، می‌تواند به یادگیری شخصی‌سازی‌شده، تقویت تفکر انتقادی و آمادگی دانش‌آموزان برای آینده‌ای فناورانه کمک کند.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Integrating AI into the Elementary Education Curriculum: Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities

نویسندگان English

Zohre Rahsepar 1
Reznvan Hakimzade 2
Mohammad Javadipour 3
MohmmadMehdi Zolfagharzade 4
Majid NiliAhmadAbadi 5
1 PhD Student, Department of Curriculum Planning and Instruction, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran
2 Professor, Department of Curriculum Planning and Instruction, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Curriculum Planning and Instruction, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Policy and Public Management, Faculty of Public Administration and Organizational Sciences, University of Tehran
5 Professor, Department of Information Science, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran
چکیده English

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into the elementary education curriculum, as a fundamental transformation, brings numerous trends, opportunities, and challenges. Identifying these aspects can help improve learning quality, strengthen the role of teachers, and prepare students to face a technology-driven future by creating appropriate frameworks and managing obstacles. This study aims to explore these dimensions using a foresight approach, employing systematic review methods and thematic analysis by Braun and Clarke.
A total of 471 scholarly articles were identified, of which 52 articles were selected for thematic analysis after screening based on the PRISMA 2020 framework. The results revealed that AI integration trends can be categorized into two main areas: "Educational-Specific Trends," which include "adaptive learning," "learning outcomes prediction," and "promoting students’ physical health," and "Engineering Trends," encompassing "conversational agents," "sensor development," and "embodied interaction." Furthermore, two macro trends, namely "AI as a teacher’s assistant" and "AI-integrated curriculum design," were identified, emphasizing AI's complementary role in teaching and learning.
The challenges identified include a shortage of skilled teachers, lack of credible resources, legal and ethical concerns, and the need to protect students' privacy. The study proposes enhancing teachers' professional competencies, leveraging digital leadership, and establishing legal frameworks to overcome these challenges. It concludes that, with proper planning, AI has the potential to enable personalized learning, strengthen critical thinking, and prepare students for a technology-driven future.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Futures Studies
Elementary Education Curriculum
Artificial Intelligence
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