طراحی چارچوب شایستگی‌های حرفه‌ای معلمان کارآفرین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

2 استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، ایران

3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد برنامه‌ریزی درسی دانشگاه فرهنگیان فارس

چکیده

هدفِ این پژوهش، با درک اهمیت تأثیر معلمان در ایجاد تغییر و تحول در عرصۀ آموزش، به‌خصوص در ابعاد عملی و مهارتی، طراحیِ چارچوب شایستگی‌های حرفه‌ای معلمان کارآفرین بود. رویکردِ پژوهش کیفی و روش به کار گرفته‌شده مطالعۀ موردی است. مشارکت‌کنندگان بالقوۀ پژوهش ‌شامل کارآفرینان موفق در عرصۀ آموزش، به‌ویژه‌ معلمانی که در این زمینه تجربه و تخصص لازم را داشتند، و متخصصان برنامۀ درسی بودند. انتخاب مشارکت‌کنندگان با استفاده از رویکرد هدفمند و با روش نمونه‌گیری گلوله‌برفی و با استفاده از معیار اشباعِ نظریِ داده‌ها برای تعیین تعداد مشارکت‌کنندگان انجام شد. برای استخراج چارچوب شایستگی‌های حرفه‌ای معلمان کارآفرین از مصاحبۀ نیمه‌ساختاریافته و بررسی منابع و متون مرتبط استفاده شد. همچنین با استفاده از روش تحلیل مضمون، مضامین پایه، سازمان‌دهنده و فراگیر حاصل شدند. برای اعتباریابی داده‌ها از روش‌های قابل‌قبول‌بودن و قابل‌اعتمادبودن استفاده شد. چارچوب اولیه، شامل 57 مضمون پایه و چهار مضمون سازمان‌دهنده (شایستگی‌های شخصیتی، شایستگی‌های تدریس، شایستگی‌های اجتماعی و شایستگی‌های حرفه‌ای)، حول مضمون فراگیر شایستگی‌های حرفه‌ای معلمان کارآفرین سازماندهی شد. گفتنی است مضامین استخراج‌شده به هم مرتبط و درهم‌تنیده‌اند، یعنی معلمان اگر بخواهند در چارچوب شایستگی‌های حرفه‌ای معلمان کارآفرین قرار گیرند، بایستی این شایستگی‌ها را در کنار هم داشته باشند و آن‌ها را باهم رشد و توسعه دهند و نظام آموزشی باید شرایط و زمینه‌های مناسب با این چارچوب سازماندهی‌شده را فراهم سازد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Designing a framework for the professional competencies of entrepreneurial teachers

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fahime Keshāvarzi 1
  • Mohammad Jāvdāni 2
  • Majid Badakhshān 3
1 (PhD), Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
2 (PhD), Farhangiān University, Iran
3 , MA Student in Curriculum Planning, Farhangiān University (Fārs Branch), Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Understanding the importance of the role of teachers in creating change in the field of education, especially in the practice and skill dimensions, the purpose of this study was to design a framework for the professional competencies of entrepreneurial teachers. It was qualitative research with case study design. The potential research participants included the successful entrepreneurs in the field of education, especially teachers who had the necessary experience and expertise in this field, and the curriculum specialists. Participants were selected with a purposeful approach using snowball sampling method and the theoretical data saturation criterion to determine the number of participants. To extract the framework of professional competencies of entrepreneurial teachers, semi-structured interviews and review of related sources and texts were used. Also, using the content analysis method, basic, organizational and comprehensive themes were obtained and to validate the data, their credibility and dependability were checked. The initial framework consisted of 57 basic themes and 4 organizing themes (personality competencies, teaching competencies, social competencies and professional competencies) were organized around the comprehensive theme of professional competencies of entrepreneurial teachers. It should be noted that the extracted themes were interrelated and interwoven, so that if the teachers want to be included in the professional competencies of entrepreneurial teachers’ framework, they must have these competencies together, grow and develop them together, and the educational system must provide the conditions and contexts appropriate with this organized framework.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Entrepreneurial Teacher
  • Professional Competence
  • Entrepreneurship
  • Education
  • Efficiency
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